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第75课 SOS 呼救信号 — 语法精讲

课文原文

When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed. The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt. It was the middle of winter. Snow lay thick on the ground. The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away. When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find. During the night, it got terribly cold. The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small. Early next morning she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal. Then she had an idea. She stamped out the letters 'SOS' in the snow. Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town. It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.
## 参考译文

不久前,一架轻型客机偏离了航线,在山区坠毁,飞行员遇难。机上唯一的乘客——一位年轻妇女和她的两个女婴——却安然无恙。时值隆冬,地上积雪很厚。这位妇女知道最近的村庄也在数英里之外。天黑下来时,她把一只手提箱变成了一张床,把孩子们放进去,用能找到的所有衣服给她们盖上。夜间,天气变得极其寒冷。这位妇女尽可能靠近孩子们,甚至想自己也钻进箱子里去,但箱子太小了。第二天一大早,她听到飞机从头顶飞过,想知道怎样才能发出信号。于是她想到了一个主意。她在雪地上踩出了”SOS”三个字母。幸运的是,一位飞行员看到了信号,通过无线电向最近的城镇发出了消息。不久,一架直升机飞抵现场,救援这次飞机失事的幸存者。


一、词法分析 (Morphology)

1.1 词类统计

本课共约220词,各类词性分布如下:

词类数量占比示例
名词4520%plane, passenger, crash, pilot, mountains, woman, daughters, winter, snow, village, suitcase, bed, children, clothes, night, signal, idea, letters, helicopter, survivors
动词3215%flew, crashed, was killed, knew, grew, turned, put, covering, got, kept, tried, heard, wondered, had, stamped, saw, sent, arrived, rescue
形容词188%light, only, young, baby, nearest, thick, dark, terribly, cold, small, early, next, passing, overhead, long, nearest
副词125%off, ago, away, inside, fortunately, not, long, before
代词157%it, its, she, her, herself, them, they, all, which, who, that
介词2511%in, on, of, off, into, during, to, by, before, from, with, as, at
冠词2210%a, an, the
连词84%when, and, but, that, how, before
数词42%two, middle, SOS(three letters)

1.2 重点词汇构词分析

1) passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒər/ n. 乘客

  • 构词法:派生词
    • pass(通过/经过)+ -eng-(连接成分)+ -er(施事者后缀)
    • 原义:“经过的人” → 引申为”乘客、旅客”
  • 词性变化
    • 复数:passengers
    • 形容词:passenger(作定语用,如 passenger plane 客机)
  • 搭配
    • passenger plane 客机
    • passenger seat 乘客座位
    • fellow passenger 同机乘客

2) crash /kræʃ/ v.&n. 坠毁;碰撞

  • 构词法:基础词汇(拟声词)
    • 模拟物体猛烈撞击的声音
  • 词性转换
    • 动词→名词:The plane crashed. / a plane crash
    • 动词→形容词:crashed aircraft 坠毁的飞机
  • 搭配
    • crash into 撞入
    • crash landing 迫降
    • car/plane crash 车祸/空难

3) unhurt /ʌnˈhɜːrt/ adj. 未受伤的;安然无恙的

  • 构词法:派生词(前缀否定)
    • un-(否定前缀)+ hurt(受伤的/伤害)
  • 构词规律
    • un- + 形容词 = 反义形容词
    • happy → unhappy, able → unable, lucky → unlucky
  • 同根词
    • hurt v. 伤害
    • hurtful adj. 伤害性的
    • hurting adj. 疼痛的

4) thick /θɪk/ adj. 厚的;浓密的

  • 构词法:基础词汇
  • 词形变化
    • 比较级:thicker
    • 最高级:thickest
    • 副词:thickly
    • 名词:thickness
  • 本课用法
    • “Snow lay thick on the ground” 中 thick 为形容词作主语补足语(表语)
    • 描述雪的状态:厚厚的积雪

5) stamp /stæmp/ v. 踩踏;盖章 n. 邮票;印章

  • 构词法:基础词汇(多义词)
  • 词性转换
    • 名词→动词:stamp one’s feet 跺脚
    • 本课动词用法:stamp out 踩出(图案/字母)
  • 常见搭配
    • stamp out 踩灭;根除
    • stamp on 踩在…上
    • stamp collection 邮票收藏

6) signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 信号 v. 发信号

  • 构词法:基础词汇(多义词)
  • 词性转换
    • 名词→动词:to signal 发信号
    • 派生词:signaling n. 信号传输
  • 搭配
    • send a signal 发出信号
    • SOS signal 求救信号
    • traffic signal 交通信号

7) survivor /sərˈvaɪvər/ n. 幸存者

  • 构词法:派生词
    • survive(v. 幸存)+ -or(施事者后缀)= survivor
  • 词族
    • survive v. 幸存
    • survival n. 幸存;生存
    • survivor n. 幸存者
  • 构词规律:-or 后缀常用于拉丁词根后
    • act → actor
    • edit → editor
    • visit → visitor

1.3 构词法总结

本课体现的构词法类型:

构词类型示例说明
派生(前缀)un-hurtun- 表示否定
派生(后缀)passeng-er, surviv-or-er/-or 表施事者
合成pass+enger (历史合成)历史演变形成的复合词
转化crash (v./n.), stamp (v./n.), signal (n./v.)一词多性
词组动词turn into, stamp out, put inside动词+介词/副词

二、句法分析 (Syntax)

句① 时间状语从句 + 并列谓语

原文:When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.

结构分析

[When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago],  ← 时间状语从句
    │      │        │      │    │      │      │
   从属连词 冠词   形容词    名词  动词   介词短语  时间状语
    │      │        │      │    │      │      │
   When    a       light  passenger plane flew off course  some time ago

it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.
│    │         │              │   │      │    │      │
主语  谓语1     地点状语       并列连词 定语 主语  谓语2(被动)
│    │         │              │   │      │    │      │
 it crashed  in the mountains and  its   pilot was killed

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
时间状语从句When a light passenger plane flew off course some time agoWhen引导,修饰主句动作发生的时间
主语(主句)it指代the plane
谓语1crashed不及物动词,一般过去时
地点状语in the mountains介词短语,说明坠毁地点
并列连词and连接两个并列谓语
主语2its pilot名词短语(物主代词+名词)
谓语2was killed一般过去时被动语态

本句涉及语法术语时间状语从句 | 并列句 | 被动语态 | 一般过去时


句② 同位语结构

原文:The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt.

结构分析

The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt.
│      │          │                              │              │      │
冠词   形容词      主语                            同位语          系动词  表语
│      │          │                              │              │      │
The   only     passengers                    (同位语说明passengers)  were  unhurt
                  │
           a young woman and her two baby daughters

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
主语The only passengersthe only 强调”唯一的”
同位语a young woman and her two baby daughters对passengers的具体说明,用逗号隔开
系动词were一般过去时
表语unhurt形容词作表语,描述主语状态

注意:同位语前后都有逗号,去掉后句子结构仍完整。

本句涉及语法术语同位语 | 主系表结构 | 形容词作表语


句③ 简单句

原文:It was the middle of winter.

结构分析

It was the middle of winter.
│    │    │      │    │
主语  系动词 冠词   名词 介词短语
│    │    │      │    │
It   was  the   middle  of winter

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
主语It虚指主语,指时间
系动词was一般过去时
表语the middle of winter名词短语,表示”隆冬”

本句涉及语法术语主系表结构 | it作形式主语 | 介词短语


句④ 主谓结构 + 主语补足语

原文:Snow lay thick on the ground.

结构分析

Snow lay thick on the ground.
│     │    │         │
主语   谓语  主语补足语  地点状语
│     │    │         │
Snow  lay thick   on the ground

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
主语Snow不可数名词
谓语laylie的过去式,意为”处于…状态”
主语补足语thick形容词,补充说明主语snow的状态
地点状语on the ground介词短语

注意:lay thick = 厚厚地覆盖着,thick 是形容词作主语补足语(表语)。

本句涉及语法术语主谓结构 | 形容词作主语补足语 | 地点状语


句⑤ 主谓宾 + 宾语从句

原文:The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away.

结构分析

The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away.
│     │      │    │      │       │      │    │
冠词   名词   谓语  连词   冠词   形容词   名词   系动词 表语
│     │      │    │      │       │      │    │
The  woman  knew  that  the  nearest village was  miles away

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
主语The woman定冠词+名词
谓语knew及物动词,一般过去时
宾语从句that the nearest village was miles awaythat引导的宾语从句,作knew的宾语
宾语从句主语the nearest villagethe+形容词最高级+名词
宾语从句系动词was一般过去时
宾语从句表语miles away距离表达,意为”数英里远”

本句涉及语法术语宾语从句 | 主谓宾结构 | 主系表结构 | 形容词最高级


句⑥ 复杂复合句

原文:When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find.

结构分析

[When it grew dark], she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find.
  │   │   │    │      │    │      │         │      │    │      │         │      │         │      │      │    │      │
 从属  主语 系动词 表语    主语  谓语1    宾语      宾补   并列  谓语2    宾语      地点状语  伴随状语   宾语  介词短语  定语从句
 连词

其中:
- covering them with all the clothes she could find = 现在分词短语作伴随状语
- she could find = 省略关系代词that的定语从句,修饰clothes

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
时间状语从句When it grew darkWhen引导,意为”当天变黑时”
主语she指代the woman
谓语1turned…into…动词短语,“把…变成…”
宾语1a suitcase不定冠词+名词
宾语补足语into a bed介词短语作宾补,说明转变结果
并列连词and连接turned和put
谓语2put及物动词,一般过去时
宾语2the children定冠词+名词
地点状语inside it介词短语,it指代suitcase
伴随状语covering them with all the clothes she could find现在分词短语,表示与主句动作同时发生

伴随状语细分

  • covering: 现在分词
  • them: 宾语(指children)
  • with all the clothes: 介词短语(方式)
  • (that) she could find: 定语从句,修饰clothes(省略了关系代词that)

本句涉及语法术语时间状语从句 | 宾语补足语 | 伴随状语 | 现在分词短语 | 定语从句 | 关系代词省略


句⑦ 简单句 + 程度副词

原文:During the night, it got terribly cold.

结构分析

During the night, it got terribly cold.
      │           │    │       │     │
    时间状语       主语  系动词  程度副词  表语
      │           │    │       │     │
During the night  it   got   terribly  cold

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
时间状语During the night介词短语,意为”在夜间”
主语it虚指主语,指天气
系动词gotget的过去式,作系动词意为”变得”
程度状语terribly副词修饰形容词cold,意为”极其”
表语cold形容词作表语

本句涉及语法术语时间状语 | 主系表结构 | 副词修饰形容词 | get作系动词


句⑧ as…as one can/could 结构 + 并列句

原文:The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small.

结构分析

The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small.
│     │      │    │    │    │       │    │      │    │      │         │    │      │    │    │      │
冠词   名词   谓语1 表语  连词 主语 情态动词 介词短语 并列连词 副词 谓语2 不定式短语  反身代词 转折连词 主语 系动词 表语

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
主语The woman
谓语1kept系动词用法,意为”保持…状态”
表语as near as she could比较结构,“尽可能近的”
介词短语to the children补充说明kept near的对象
并列连词1and连接kept和tried
副词even加强语气,“甚至”
谓语2triedtry to do sth. 试图做某事
不定式短语to get into the case herself作tried的宾语
转折连词but表示转折
主语it指代case
系动词was
表语too small形容词短语,意为”太小了”

as near as she could 结构分析

  • as + 形容词/副词 + as + 主语 + can/could = “尽可能…”
  • 本句中could是can的过去式,与全文时态一致

本句涉及语法术语比较状语从句 | as…as结构 | 不定式作宾语 | 转折并列句 | 副词作状语


句⑨ 宾语 + 现在分词补足语 + 宾语从句

原文:Early next morning she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal.

结构分析

Early next morning she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal.
    │      │      │      │    │      │         │       │      │       │    │      │    │      │
  形容词   形容词  名词   主语  谓语1   宾语      宾补     并列连词 谓语2   宾语从句
                                        (现在分词短语)

how she could send a signal = 宾语从句,作wondered的宾语

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
时间状语Early next morning意为”第二天一大早”
主语she
谓语1heard感官动词
宾语planes
宾语补足语passing overhead现在分词短语,补充说明planes的动作
并列连词and
谓语2wondered及物动词,意为”想知道”
宾语从句how she could send a signalhow引导的宾语从句

宾语从句细分

  • 引导词:how(如何/怎样)
  • 主语:she
  • 谓语:could send(情态动词+动词原形)
  • 宾语:a signal

本句涉及语法术语时间状语 | 感官动词 | 现在分词作宾补 | 宾语从句 | 并列句


句⑩ 简单句

原文:Then she had an idea.

结构分析

Then she had an idea.
 │    │    │    │
副词  主语  谓语  宾语
 │    │    │    │
Then  she  had  an idea

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
时间状语Then副词,意为”然后”
主语she
谓语had一般过去时,意为”有了”
宾语an idea不定冠词+名词

本句涉及语法术语主谓宾结构 | 副词作状语


句⑪ 简单句

原文:She stamped out the letters ‘SOS’ in the snow.

结构分析

She stamped out the letters 'SOS' in the snow.
│    │      │    │       │       │    │
主语  谓语   副词  宾语    同位语   介词短语
│    │      │    │       │       │    │
She stamped  out  the letters 'SOS' in the snow

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
主语She
谓语stamped out短语动词,意为”踩出”
宾语the letters ‘SOS’
同位语’SOS’说明letters的内容
地点状语in the snow介词短语

本句涉及语法术语主谓宾结构 | 短语动词 | 同位语 | 地点状语


句⑫ 并列谓语

原文:Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town.

结构分析

Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town.
     │          │     │      │       │    │      │        │       │      │      │
   评注性状语   冠词   名词   谓语1   宾语   并列   谓语2    宾语     方式状语  介词短语

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
评注性状语Fortunately副词,修饰全句,表示说话者态度
主语a pilot
谓语1saw
宾语1the signal
并列连词and
谓语2sent
宾语2a message
方式状语by radio介词短语,意为”通过无线电”
方向状语to the nearest town介词短语,说明send的对象

本句涉及语法术语评注性状语 | 并列谓语 | 方式状语 | 形容词最高级


句⑬ It was not long before… 句型 + 不定式目的状语

原文:It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.

结构分析

It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.
│    │    │    │       │      │          │       │      │          │      │      │    │      │
形式主语 系动词 否定副词 表语   从属连词   冠词      名词     谓语      地点状语   目的状语   冠词     名词     介词短语

成分详解

成分对应内容说明
形式主语It形式主语,无实际意义
系动词was
表语not long形容词短语,意为”不久”
时间状语从句before a helicopter arrived on the scenebefore引导的时间状语从句
目的状语to rescue the survivors不定式短语,表目的
介词短语of the plane crash后置定语,修饰survivors

It was not long before… 句型分析

  • 字面意思:“在…之前没过多久”
  • 实际含义:“不久之后就…”
  • 类似句型:It will not be long before…(不久就会…)

本句涉及语法术语形式主语 | 时间状语从句 | It was not long before句型 | 不定式作目的状语 | 后置定语


三、功能语法分析 (Functional Grammar)

3.1 时态系统分析

本课全文使用一般过去时,这是叙事性文章的基本时态选择。

时态类型结构出现次数例句
一般过去时动词过去式25次flew, crashed, was killed, knew, turned, put, heard…
过去时被动语态was/were + 过去分词2次was killed, was
过去时情态动词could/might + 动词3次could find, could send, could

一般过去时的叙事功能

  1. 时间定位:明确事件发生在过去(some time ago, early next morning)
  2. 动作顺序:通过时间状语从句(when, before)展现动作先后
  3. 客观叙述:使用一般过去时营造客观、冷静的叙事氛围

3.2 时间状语从句分析

本课包含2个时间状语从句,均由when引导:

从句主句动作时态配合
When a light passenger plane flew off course…it crashed…从句一般过去时,主句一般过去时(同时发生)
When it grew dark…she turned… and put…从句一般过去时,主句一般过去时(同时发生)

when从句的语义功能

  • 表示”当…时候”,强调主从句动作同时或紧接发生
  • 从句可前置或后置,前置时常用逗号隔开

3.3 伴随状语分析

本课出现1个典型的伴随状语

covering them with all the clothes she could find

项目内容说明
形式现在分词短语covering…
逻辑主语she(主句主语)现在分词的逻辑主语与主句主语一致
语法功能伴随状语表示与主句动作同时发生的伴随动作
语义功能补充说明说明”放孩子进箱子”的同时”给她们盖衣服”

伴随状语的翻译技巧

  • 英语:用现在分词短语,结构紧凑
  • 汉语:常用并列分句”…,同时…”或”一边…一边…“

3.4 It was not long before… 句型深度解析

句型结构

It was not long before + 从句(一般过去时)

语义分析

  • 字面:在…发生之前,时间没过多久
  • 意译:不久之后就…

时态变化

时态结构含义
过去It was not long before…过去不久就…
现在It is not long before…现在不久就…
将来It will not be long before…不久就会…

与so…that…的区别

  • It was not long before… = 时间短(“不久就”)
  • It was so soon that… = 时间短(强调”如此快以至于”)

3.5 as…as one can/could 结构

本课例句:as near as she could

结构公式

as + 形容词/副词 + as + 主语 + can/could
= "尽可能..."

时态对应

时态结构例句
现在as…as one canDo it as well as you can.
过去as…as one couldShe kept as near as she could.

could的情态含义

  • 表示过去的能力
  • 语气委婉,比can更客气

四、本课核心语法点

4.1 时间状语从句(When引导)

定义:用when引导,表示主句动作发生的时间背景。

本课例句

  1. When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed…
  2. When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed…

用法要点

  • 主从句动作可同时发生,也可先后发生
  • 主句和从句都用一般过去时(叙述过去事件)
  • 从句可放在主句前(用逗号)或主句后

四级考点

  • when, while, as 的区别
  • 时间状语从句的时态呼应(主将从现)

4.2 定语从句(限制性)

定义:修饰名词或代词,提供必要信息,不用逗号隔开。

本课例句

  1. all the clothes (that) she could find - 省略了关系代词that
  2. the nearest village was miles away - 无(但the nearest village含形容词最高级)

关系代词省略规则

  • 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略
  • 例:the clothes (that/which) she could find → that/which作find的宾语,可省

四级考点

  • 关系代词的选择(who/whom/which/that)
  • 关系代词的省略条件
  • 介词+关系代词(本课未出现,但属于四级重点)

4.3 伴随状语(现在分词短语)

定义:用现在分词短语表示与主句动作同时发生的伴随动作。

本课例句

  • …, covering them with all the clothes she could find.

结构特点

  • 现在分词(covering)+ 宾语(them)+ 状语(with all the clothes…)
  • 逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致(she)
  • 表示两个动作同时发生,伴随进行

四级考点

  • 现在分词与过去分词的区别
  • 现在分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题
  • 独立主格结构(本课未出现)

4.4 It was not long before… 句型

定义:固定句型,表示”不久之后就…”

本课例句

  • It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene…

类似句型对比

句型含义例句
It was not long before…不久就…It was not long before he came back.
It is not long since…自从…不久It is not long since he left.
It will not be long before…不久就会…It won’t be long before we meet again.

四级考点

  • It作形式主语的各类句型
  • before, since, when等引导时间状语从句的区别

4.5 as…as one can/could 结构

定义:表示”尽可能…”的比较结构。

本课例句

  • She kept as near as she could to the children.

结构公式

as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 主语 + can/could

变体形式

形式含义例句
as…as possible尽可能as soon as possible
as…as one can尽某人所能as fast as I can
as…as one could尽某人所能(过去)as hard as he could

四级考点

  • 比较级的各种结构(as…as, than, the more…the more)
  • 情态动词can/could的用法

4.6 一般过去时的叙事功能

定义:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

本课应用: 全文25个动词,除情态动词外全部使用一般过去时,构成完整的叙事时态框架。

叙事功能

  1. 时间定位:通过一般过去时确立故事发生在过去
  2. 动作序列:按时间顺序叙述:坠毁→幸存→过夜→求救→获救
  3. 客观叙述:一般过去时是最客观、最常用的叙事时态

四级考点

  • 一般过去时与其他过去时态(过去完成时、过去进行时)的区别
  • 时态在叙事文中的综合运用

五、与四级考试的关联

5.1 核心考点对应

本课语法点四级考点考频真题示例
时间状语从句when/while/as的区别(2019-12) When I arrived, the meeting had started.
定语从句关系代词选择/省略(2020-9) The book (which) I bought yesterday…
现在分词作状语非谓语动词辨析(2021-6) Hearing the news, she cried.
It was not long before…固定句型/时间表达(2018-6) It was not long before he realized…
as…as结构比较级结构(2020-12) as far as I can see
被动语态时态+语态综合(2019-6) The bridge was built in 1950.
同位语名词短语结构(2021-12) Einstein, a great scientist, …

5.2 四级词汇衔接

本课重点词汇与四级词汇的关联:

本课词汇四级相关词汇词族扩展
crashcrash, collision, wreckcrash landing, car crash
passengerpassenger, commuter, travelerfellow passenger
signalsignal, sign, symboltraffic signal, send a signal
survivorsurvive, survival, survivorsurvival rate, the survival of
rescuerescue, save, recoverrescue team, come to the rescue
unhurthurt, injured, woundedget hurt, hurtful

5.3 阅读理解技巧

叙事文阅读要点(适用于四级阅读):

  1. 时间线索识别

    • 关注时间状语:some time ago → early next morning → during the night
    • 理清事件顺序:坠毁→幸存→过夜→求救→获救
  2. 定语从句理解

    • 识别省略关系词的定语从句:all the clothes (that) she could find
    • 快速定位修饰关系:she could find 修饰 clothes
  3. 长难句分析

    • 本课句⑥是典型的四级长难句结构
    • 分析方法:先找主句谓语,再分析从句和修饰成分

5.4 翻译技巧

英译汉要点

英文结构翻译技巧本课例句
现在分词伴随状语译为并列分句covering them… → “用衣服给她们盖上”
as…as one could译为”尽可能…“as near as she could → “尽可能靠近”
It was not long before…译为”不久就…”It was not long before… → “不久…就…”
被动语态视情况转为主动was killed → “遇难”

汉译英要点

中文表达英文结构例句
不久就…It was not long before…不久他就回来了。→ It was not long before he came back.
尽可能…as…as one can/could尽可能快 → as fast as possible
把A变成Bturn A into B把箱子变成床 → turn a suitcase into a bed

5.5 写作句式模仿

可用于四级写作的句型

  1. 时间状语从句开头

    When..., ...(当...时,...)
    例:When I faced difficulties, I chose to face them bravely.
    
  2. 伴随状语结构

    ..., doing...(..., 同时...)
    例:I entered the room, carrying a bunch of flowers.
    
  3. It was not long before…

    It was not long before...(不久就...)
    例:It was not long before the problem was solved.
    
  4. as…as possible

    as...as possible/can/could(尽可能...)
    例:We should work as hard as possible.
    

六、本课涉及的语法术语


附录:课文句子成分总表

句号句子类型主句结构从句类型特殊结构
复合句S + V + 并列谓语时间状语从句被动语态
简单句S + V + C同位语
简单句S + V + Cit虚指主语
简单句S + V + C形容词作主补
复合句S + V + O(从句)宾语从句
复合句S + V + O + C 并列时间状语从句伴随状语、定语从句
简单句S + V + Cget作系动词
并列复合句S + V + C and S + V + O比较状语从句as…as结构、不定式
并列复合句S + V + O + C and S + V + O(从句)宾语从句现在分词作宾补
简单句S + V + O
简单句S + V + O同位语
简单句S + V + O and V + O评注性状语
复合句S + V + C时间状语从句It was not long before句型、不定式目的状语

本文档基于新概念英语第二册第75课编写,适用于英语语法学习和四级考试备考。