课文信息: Lesson 93 A noble gift | 新概念英语第二册 分析框架: 词汇计量学 + 认知语言学 + 教学应用 分析日期: 2026年3月29日
课文原文
Lesson 93 A noble gift 崇高的礼物
One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall, had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.
实词 (Content Words) ~ 58% 虚词 (Function Words) ~ 42%
├─ 名词: 35个 ├─ 冠词: the, a, an (23次)
├─ 动词: 28个 ├─ 介词: of, in, by, to, at, for (32次)
├─ 形容词: 15个 ├─ 代词: it, which, who, one (15次)
├─ 副词: 8个 ├─ 连词: and, before (4次)
└─ 数词: 3个 └─ 助动词: was, had, been, be, could (21次)
2.2 高频虚词详解
词汇
频次
功能
典型搭配
the
18
定冠词
the Statue of Liberty, the world, the nineteenth century
of
9
所属介词
one of the most, Statue of Liberty, United States of America
to
9
方向/不定式
presented to, transported to, to complete
was
7
be动词过去式
was presented, was designed, was made
by
7
施事介词
by the people, by Eiffel, by Bartholdi
2.3 实词频率分布
高频实词 (≥3次):
statue (4次) - 课文核心主题词
america (3次) - 地理实体
people (3次) - 集体名词
which (3次) - 关系代词
be (3次) - 被动语态助动词
and (3次) - 并列连词
中频实词 (2次):
liberty, presented, united, states, had, been, it, in
三、词汇难度分级 (Lexical Profiling)
3.1 基于CEFR词表的分级
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ 词汇难度金字塔 - 第93课 │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ▲ │
│ /█\ AWL学术词汇 (约12%) │
│/███\ constructed, designed, erected, transported, │
│ especially, actually, figure, site, symbol │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ /█████\ K2常用词汇 (约25%) │
│/███████\ monument, statue, liberty, copper, framework, │
│ pedestal, harbour, sculptor, presented, complete │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│/█████████\ K1基础词汇 (约55%) │
│███████████ most, famous, world, great, took, years, │
│ made, people, island, entrance, following... │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│/█████████████\ 专有名词 (约8%) │
│███████████████ Statue of Liberty, United States, │
│ America, France, Auguste Bartholdi, Eiffel, │
│ New York, Paris, October │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
3.2 超纲词汇详解
词汇
词性
难度
释义
词源
学习建议
monument
n.
四级
纪念碑，纪念物
L. monēre (提醒)
核心主题词，必背
statue
n.
四级
雕像，塑像
L. statuere (站立)
与monument区分
pedestal
n.
六级
底座，基座
It. piedistallo
建筑术语，联想记忆
sculptor
n.
四级
雕塑家
L. sculpere (雕刻)
职业名词，-or后缀
framework
n.
四级
框架，结构
frame + work
复合词，构词法学习
erected
v.
四级
竖立，建造
L. erigere
正式用语，被动常用
copper
n.
高中
铜
L. cuprum
材料词汇
bartholdi
n.
专有
巴托尔迪(雕塑家)
法语音译
人名识记
3.3 四级大纲命中分析
词类
命中数量
命中率
代表词汇
四级核心词
35+
约38%
monument, statue, present, design, complete
四级扩展词
15+
约16%
framework, pedestal, sculptor, erect, transport
高中词汇
30+
约32%
famous, great, world, people, country
超纲词汇
13
约14%
bartholdi, eiffel(专有), harbour(英式拼写)
四、词形与构词 (Morphology & Word Formation)
4.1 派生词分析
前缀派生
词汇
前缀
词根
含义
词族扩展
especially
e- (向外)
special
特别地
special → specially → especially
transported
trans- (跨越)
port (携带)
运输
transport → transportation → portable
erected
e- (向上)
rect (直)
竖立
erect → erection → rectangle
presented
pre- (在前)
sent (存在)
呈现，赠送
present → presentation → presence
united
uni- (一)
-
联合的
unite → united → unity → union
后缀派生
词汇
词根
后缀
词性
词族扩展
monuments
monument
-s (复数)
n.
monument → monumental (adj.)
sculptor
sculpt
-or (人)
n.
sculpt → sculpture → sculptural
famous
fame
-ous (有…的)
adj.
fame → famous → famously
officially
office
-ial + -ly
adv.
office → official → officially
nineteenth
nine
-teen + -th
ord.
nine → nineteen → nineteenth
supported
support
-ed (过去)
v.
support → supporter → supportive
constructed
construct
-ed + -ion
v./n.
construct → construction → constructive
designed
design
-ed
v.
design → designer → designing
4.2 复合词分析
复合词
构成成分
语义关系
词义
framework
frame + work
材料+结果
框架结构
pedestal
pede (足) + stal (站立)
功能+位置
底座，基座
harbour
har (军队) + bour (居住)
古英语复合
港口
4.3 词性转换链
PRESENT (呈现/赠送)
├── v. present → presented → presented → presenting
├── n. present (礼物/现在)
├── adj. present (在场的/现在的)
└── adv. presently (不久/目前)
COMPLETE (完成)
├── v. complete → completed → completed → completing
├── adj. complete (完全的)
├── adv. completely (完全地)
└── n. completion (完成)
CONSTRUCT (建造)
├── v. construct → constructed → constructed → constructing
├── n. construction (建造/建筑物)
├── n. constructor (建造者)
└── adj. constructive (建设性的)
LIBERTY (自由)
├── n. liberty (自由)
├── adj. liberal (自由的/慷慨的)
├── adv. liberally (自由地)
└── v. liberate (解放)
五、搭配与语块 (Collocations & Chunks)
5.1 高频搭配矩阵
搭配类型
搭配实例
频次
语义特点
形容词+名词
famous monuments
2
评价性搭配
great statue
2
评价性搭配
metal framework
1
材料+结构
actual figure
1
限定性搭配
动词+名词
presented to
2
双及物动词结构
designed by
1
被动施事
supported by
1
被动施事
constructed by
1
被动施事
erected in
1
空间定位
动词+介词
taken to pieces
1
习语性搭配
put together
1
短语动词
passed through
1
空间穿越
make their homes
1
固定表达
5.2 短语动词详解
短语动词
字面义
语境义
使用频率
例句
take to pieces
拿到碎片
拆卸，拆散
低
The statue was taken to pieces.
put together
放在一起
组装，拼凑
高
The statue had been put together again.
pass through
穿过
经过，通过
高
millions of people who have passed through
5.3 语篇标记词
类别
标记词
功能
位置
时间顺序
in the nineteenth century
背景时间
句首
before
时间先后
句首
by 1884
截止时间
句首
the following year
顺序推进
句首
by the end of October 1886
截止时间
句首
ever since then
从某时起
句首
因果/条件
before it could be…
条件
从句
添加信息
and
并列添加
连接
5.4 介词搭配网络
BY
├── 施事者: designed by Bartholdi, constructed by Eiffel
├── 方式: supported by a metal framework
└── 时间: by 1884, by the end of
OF
├── 所属: Statue of Liberty, United States of America
├── 数量: one of the most famous, millions of people
└── 材料: made of copper
IN
├── 时间: in the nineteenth century, in Paris
└── 状态: erected in Paris
TO
├── 方向: presented to the United States, transported to
└── 目的: to complete, to make their homes
时间轴: 19世纪 → 1884 → 1885 → 1886.10 → 至今
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
赠送 竖立 拆卸 重新组装 成为象征
present erect take put be
→complete→to →together →a symbol
pieces
D. 抽象概念词汇
词汇
概念域
语义网络
文化含义
liberty
政治/自由
free → freedom → liberty → liberation
美国核心价值观
symbol
符号学
sign → symbol → represent → stand for
文化认同标志
noble
伦理/高贵
noble → honorable → generous → gift
礼物的高贵性质
gift
社会/馈赠
give → present → gift → donation
国际友谊象征
6.2 同义词群
组1: 建造类动词
词汇
语义侧重
语体
例句
build
一般建造
通用
a pedestal had to be built
construct
系统建造
正式
especially constructed by Eiffel
erect
竖立建造
正式
had been erected in Paris
make
制作
通用
The actual figure was made of copper
design
设计
专业
designed by the sculptor
组2: 给予类动词
词汇
语义侧重
语体
例句
present
正式赠送
正式
was presented to the United States
give
一般给予
通用
(本课未出现)
send
寄送
通用
sent to America
donate
捐赠
正式
(本课未出现)
6.3 反义词对
词对
反义关系
语境体现
presented → received
给予-接受
法美两国关系
taken to pieces → put together
拆卸-组装
雕像运输过程
complete → incomplete
完成-未完成
建造过程描述
entrance → exit
入口-出口
港口隐喻
七、词汇教学价值 (Pedagogical Value)
7.1 课标词汇命中清单
四级核心词汇 (CET-4 Core)
词汇
词性
课标等级
考点
真题出现频率
monument
n.
四级核心
词义辨析
★★★☆☆
statue
n.
四级核心
词义辨析
★★★☆☆
present
v./n.
四级核心
多义词
★★★★★
design
v./n.
四级核心
多义词
★★★★☆
complete
v./adj.
四级核心
词性转换
★★★★☆
transport
v./n.
四级核心
构词法
★★★☆☆
construct
v.
四级扩展
派生词
★★★☆☆
erect
v.
四级扩展
正式用语
★★☆☆☆
symbol
n.
四级核心
词义搭配
★★★★☆
liberty
n.
四级核心
文化词
★★★☆☆
7.2 一词多义详解
PRESENT (五星考点)
词性
释义
例句
四级真题例句
v.
赠送，授予
was presented to the United States
The award was presented to the winner.
v.
呈现，展示
(本课未出现)
The report presents the findings.
v.
介绍，引见
(本课未出现)
May I present Mr. Smith?
n.
礼物
a noble gift (近义替换)
Here’s a birthday present.
n.
现在
Ever since then (反义对比)
live in the present
adj.
在场的
(本课未出现)
All members are present.
adj.
现在的
(本课未出现)
the present situation
FIGURE
词性
释义
例句
考点
n.
人像，雕像
The actual figure was made of copper
本课特殊义
n.
数字
(本课未出现)
double-digit figures
n.
人物
(本课未出现)
a political figure
n.
身材
(本课未出现)
have a good figure
v.
计算/认为
(本课未出现)
figure out (短语动词)
7.3 易混淆词汇辨析
组1: monument / statue / sculpture
词汇
定义
特点
例句
monument
纪念碑/纪念物
纪念意义，规模较大
One of the most famous monuments
statue
雕像，塑像
人/动物形象，立式
the great statue
sculpture
雕塑(艺术)
艺术形式，泛指
(本课用sculptor)
组2: construct / build / erect
词汇
语体
语义侧重
搭配
construct
正式
系统性建造
construct a building/framework
build
通用
一般建造
build a house/pedestal
erect
正式
竖立，使直立
erect a statue/monument
组3: present / gift
词汇
语体
语义
搭配
present
正式/通用
礼物(v.赠送)
give a present to sb
gift
正式
礼物，天赋
a noble gift (本课标题)
八、词汇学习建议 (Learning Strategies)
8.1 分级词汇表
🔴 核心必背词 (20个) - 优先级★★★★★
序号
词汇
音标
词性
核心义
搭配/例句
1
monument
/ˈmɒnjumənt/
n.
纪念碑
famous monuments
2
statue
/ˈstætʃuː/
n.
雕像
the Statue of Liberty
3
present
/prɪˈzent/
v.
赠送
be presented to
4
design
/dɪˈzaɪn/
v.
设计
designed by
5
complete
/kəmˈpliːt/
v.
完成
take ten years to complete
6
construct
/kənˈstrʌkt/
v.
建造
constructed by
7
erect
/ɪˈrekt/
v.
竖立
was erected
8
transport
/trænˈspɔːt/
v.
运输
transported to
9
framework
/ˈfreɪmwɜːk/
n.
框架
metal framework
10
pedestal
/ˈpedɪstl/
n.
底座
a pedestal had to be built
11
liberty
/ˈlɪbəti/
n.
自由
Statue of Liberty
12
symbol
/ˈsɪmbl/
n.
象征
a symbol of liberty
13
copper
/ˈkɒpə(r)/
n.
铜
made of copper
14
sculptor
/ˈskʌlptə(r)/
n.
雕塑家
designed by the sculptor
15
site
/saɪt/
n.
地点
a site had to be found
16
figure
/ˈfɪɡə(r)/
n.
人像
the actual figure
17
harbour
/ˈhɑːbə(r)/
n.
港口
New York Harbour
18
entrance
/ˈentrəns/
n.
入口
at the entrance of
19
support
/səˈpɔːt/
v.
支撑
supported by
20
official
/əˈfɪʃl/
adj./n.
官方的/官员
officially presented
🟡 拓展认知词 (15个) - 优先级★★★☆☆
词汇
词性
释义
学习策略
especially
adv.
特别地
副词后缀-ly
actually
adv.
实际上
形容词+ly
following
adj.
接下来的
现在分词作形容词
chosen
adj.
被选中的
过去分词作形容词
millions
n.
数百万
数词复数
pieces
n.
碎片
take to pieces
together
adv.
一起
put together
through
prep.
穿过
pass through
famous
adj.
著名的
同义词：well-known
great
adj.
伟大的
多义词
noble
adj.
高贵的
标题词
actual
adj.
实际的
与actually区分
metal
n.
金属
与copper关系
island
n.
岛屿
形音记忆
🟢 识记词 (剩余) - 优先级★★☆☆☆
主要为功能词、基础动词、专有名词等，通过阅读自然习得。
8.2 学习策略建议
策略1: 主题词块记忆法
建筑类词块 (Architecture Chunks)
├── 核心词块
│ ├── the Statue of Liberty
│ ├── metal framework
│ ├── actual figure
│ └── a pedestal
├── 动作词块
│ ├── was designed by
│ ├── was constructed by
│ ├── was erected in
│ ├── was taken to pieces
│ └── was put together
└── 描述词块
├── one of the most famous monuments
├── a symbol of liberty
└── at the entrance of
策略2: 构词法扩展
以 CONSTRUCT 为词根扩展
construct (v. 建造)
├── construction (n. 建造/建筑)
├── constructive (adj. 建设性的)
├── constructor (n. 建造者)
├── reconstruct (v. 重建)
└── infrastructure (n. 基础设施) [相关词]
策略3: 语义网络记忆
FREEDOM 语义网络
liberty (本课核心词)
├── 同义词: freedom, independence
├── 形容词: liberal (自由的/开明的)
├── 动词: liberate (解放)
└── 反义词: slavery, imprisonment
GIFT 语义网络
present (v./n. 赠送/礼物)
├── 同义词: gift, donation, contribution
├── 动词短语: present sb with sth
└── 形容词: presentable (像样的)
策略4: 语境对比记忆
易混词
语境A
语境B
记忆窍门
statue
Statue of Liberty
a bronze statue
”t”像站立的人像
status
social status
marital status
”u”像社会地位符号
statute
legal statute
federal statute
”tte”像法律文件
策略5: 被动语态词汇聚焦
本课是被动语态的经典文本，重点记忆被动形式的高频动词：
被动语态动词群 (第93课)
├── 设计与建造类
│ ├── was designed by (被设计)
│ ├── was constructed by (被建造)
│ ├── was erected in (被竖立)
│ └── was built (被建造)
├── 运输与处理类
│ ├── was transported to (被运输)
│ ├── was taken to pieces (被拆散)
│ └── was put together (被组装)
└── 赠送与呈现类
├── was presented to (被赠送)
└── was supported by (被支撑)
8.3 自测练习
练习1: 词义匹配
将左栏词汇与右栏释义匹配：
左栏
右栏
1. pedestal
a. a large structure built to remind people of a famous person or event
A trophy was ________ to the winner of the competition.
The building was ________ on a small island.
点击查看答案
designed 2. construct 3. transported 4. presented 5. erected
练习3: 同义替换
用课文中出现的词汇替换划线部分：
The building was built in 1890. → ________
The tower was put up in the city center. → ________
The gift was given to the school. → ________
The machine was taken apart for repair. → ________
The bridge was moved to the new location. → ________
点击查看答案
constructed 2. erected 3. presented 4. taken to pieces 5. transported
九、总结与反思 (Summary)
9.1 本课词汇特点
维度
特点
教学启示
主题性
建筑/工程主题集中
适合主题式词汇教学
正式性
大量正式语体词汇
培养语体意识
被动语态
被动形式密集
语法-词汇结合教学
文化性
涉及自由女神像历史
跨文化词汇学习
构词丰富
派生词、复合词多
强化构词法教学
9.2 核心词汇清单 (背诵版)
【名词 - 建筑类】
monument, statue, figure, framework, pedestal, site,
entrance, harbour, sculptor, copper, metal
【动词 - 建造类】
design, construct, erect, build, complete, support,
present, transport, take (to pieces), put (together)
【形容词 - 特征类】
famous, great, noble, actual, official, following
【抽象名词】
liberty, symbol, gift, century, world
9.3 词汇学习自检表
检查项
已掌握
需复习
能准确说出 monument/statue/sculpture 的区别
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能用 present 的三个主要含义造句
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能列出5个被动语态动词并造句
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能解释 Statue of Liberty 的象征意义
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能识别并解释 especially/actually/officially 的构词
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参考资料
Nation, I.S.P. (2001). Learning Vocabulary in Another Language
大学英语教学大纲词汇表 (CET-4)
新概念英语第二册教师用书
COBUILD英汉双解词典
课文原文
Lesson 93 A noble gift 崇高的礼物
One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall, had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.