强调

强调 (Emphasis)

定义

通过特定的语法手段突出句子的某一部分，使其成为信息焦点。

强调手段

1. 强调句型 (It is/was…that/who…)

结构

It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子剩余部分

可强调的成分

  • 主语：It was John that/who broke the window.
  • 宾语：It was the window that John broke.
  • 状语：It was yesterday that John broke the window.

不可强调的成分

  • 谓语动词（需用助动词 do/does/did）
  • 表语（虽可强调，但不常见）

与主语从句的区别

强调句型主语从句
It was yesterday that he left.That he left is true.
去掉 It was…that，句子完整：He left yesterday.去掉 It is…that，句子不完整

2. 助动词 do/does/did 强调

结构：do/does/did + 动词原形

例句：

  • I do like you.（我确实喜欢你）
  • He did finish his homework.（他确实完成了）

3. 倒装强调

见 倒装 词条

4. 词汇强调

  • very + 名词：the very man（正是那个人）
  • only + 名词：Only Tom knows.
  • 反身代词：I myself did it.

在课文中的应用

L90 晚餐吃什么？

  • 强调句型：“It was mainly for this reason that the Brazilian government decided…”
    • 强调原因状语

四级考点

  1. 强调句型的识别：去掉 It is/was…that/who 后句子是否完整
  2. 强调句型的一般疑问句：Was it yesterday that he left?
  3. 强调句型的特殊疑问句：When was it that he left?
  4. not…until 的强调：It was not until…that…

关联术语

练习与自测

练习题

  1. 强调句型填空
    用适当的词填空，完成下列强调句：
    ① It was in the library ______ I met my old friend yesterday.
    ② ______ was Tom who broke the window last night.
    ③ It was not until midnight ______ the noise stopped.

  2. 句型转换
    将下列句子转换为强调句型，强调划线部分：
    ① John bought a new car yesterday. → ____________________
    ② I didn’t realize my mistake until you pointed it out. → ____________________

  3. 辨析题
    判断下列句子是强调句型还是主语从句，并说明理由：
    ① It is true that he has made great progress.
    ② It was in Paris that we first met.

答案与解析

点击查看答案

  1. 答案：① that ② It ③ that
    解析：

    • ① 强调地点状语in the library，用It was...that结构，被强调部分指物/地点时用that。
    • ② 强调主语Tom，用It was...who结构，被强调部分指人时可用who或that。句首填It。
    • ③ not...until结构的强调形式为固定搭配It was not until...that...，填that。

  2. 答案：

    • ① It was John who/that bought a new car yesterday. / It was yesterday that John bought a new car.
    • ② It was not until you pointed it out that I realized my mistake.
      解析：
    • ① 强调人（John）时用who或that；强调时间状语（yesterday）时用that。去掉It was...that/who后，原句John bought a new car yesterday依然完整。
    • ② not...until的强调需将否定前移，结构为It was not until + 从句/时间 + that + 肯定式主句。注意原句的didn't realize要变为realized。

  3. 答案：

    • ① 主语从句
    • ② 强调句型
      解析：
    • ① 主语从句：去掉It is...that后，句子变为True he has made great progress，不完整（缺少系动词）。That he has made great progress是真正的主语从句，it是形式主语。
    • ② 强调句型：去掉It was...that后，句子变为In Paris we first met（或We first met in Paris），结构完整，语义通顺，符合强调句型的判断标准。

最后更新：2026-04-02

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